s　had　died　loyally　in　his　cause。

Next　he　heard　people　say：　〃Huang　Quan；　who　had　been　given　mand　of　the　army　on　the　north　bank；　had　given　in　to　Wei。　Your　Majesty　should　deliver　his　whole　family　to　the　authority　and　hold　them　responsible　for　the　renegade。〃

But　the　First　Ruler　only　said；　〃The　army　was　quite　cut　off　by　Wu　from　the　south　bank；　and　he　had　no　alternative　but　to　surrender。　Really；　I　betrayed　him；　not　he　me。　Why　should　I　take　vengeance　on　his　family？〃

So　he　continued　the　issue　of　the　renegade's　pay　to　his　family。

When　Huang　Quan　surrendered；　he　was　led　into　the　presence　of　the　Ruler　of　Wei。

＇e＇　Chen　Ping　and　Han　Xin　had　served　under　Xiang　Yu　first；　before　they　defected　to　Liu　Bang's　camp。

Cao　Pi　said；　〃You　have　surrendered　to　me　because　you　desired　to　imitate　the　admirable　conduct　of　Chen　Ping　and　Han　Xin　of　old*。〃

But　Huang　Quan　replied；　weeping；　〃The　Ruler　of　Shu　has　been　very　kind　to　me；　and　he　gave　me　the　leadership　of　the　army　on　the　North　of　the　Great　River。　Lu　Xun　cut　me　off　so　that　I　could　not　return　to　Shu；　and　I　would　not　surrender　to　Wu；　wherefore　I　have　yielded　to　Your　Majesty。　Defeated　as　I　am；　I　should　be　only　too　happy　if　my　life　were　spared；　but　I　have　no　claim　to　the　credit　of　the　virtuous　ones　of　old。〃

The　reply　satisfied　the　Ruler　of　Wei；　and　he　conferred　on　him　the　title　General　Who　Guards　the　South。　But　Huang　Quan；　however；　declined　the　offer。

Then　one　of　the　courtiers　said；　〃A　spy　has　reported　that　all　of　your　family　have　been　put　to　death　by　the　Ruler　of　Shu。〃

But　the　leader　replied　that　he　could　not　believe　it。

〃The　Ruler　of　Shu　and　his　officials　trust　each　other。　He　knows　my　heart；　and　he　would　not　injure　my　family。〃

And　the　Ruler　of　Wei　agreed　with　his　o