orthhampton; Elizabeth City; York; Princess Anne; and Norfolk; including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth); and which excepted parts are for the present left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued。〃
And by virtue of the power and for the purpose aforesaid; I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and parts of States are; and henceforward shall be; free; and that the Executive Government of the United States; including the military and naval authorities thereof; will recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons。
And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all violence; unless in necessary self�defence; and I remend to them that; in all case where allowed; they labor faithfully for reasonable wages。
And I further declare and make known that such persons of suitable condition will be received into the armed service of the United States to garrison forts; positions; stations; and other places; and to man vessels of all sorts in said service。
And upon this act; sincerely believed to be an act of justice; warranted by the Constitution upon military necessity; I invoke the considerate judgment of mankind and the gracious favor of Almighty God。
。 想看書來
在葛底斯堡公墓的演說
'美國'亞伯拉罕·林肯
1863年7月初,北軍為奪取位於賓西法尼亞洲的葛底斯堡與南軍激戰,傷亡2萬餘人。為紀念陣亡將士,同年11月在葛底斯堡建起了國家公墓。本篇是林肯在公墓落成典禮上的致詞。雖不足3分鐘,卻是流傳千古的佳作。
87年前,我們的先輩們在這塊大陸上建立了一個新的國家,它孕育於自由之中,奉行一切人生而平等的原則。現在我們正從事一場偉大的內戰,以考驗這個國家,或者任何一個孕育於自由和奉行上述原則的國家是否能夠長久存在下去。我們聚集在這個偉大的戰場上。 烈士們為這個國家的生存而獻出了自己的生命,我們聚集在這裡,是要把這個戰場的一部分奉獻給他們作為最後的安息地。我們這樣做是完全應該而且是非常恰當的。
但是,從廣義上來說,我們不能奉獻,不能聖化,更不能神化這塊土地。那些曾在這裡戰鬥過的勇士們,無論活著的或已死去的,已經將這塊土地聖化了,這遠遠不是我們微薄之力所能增減的。今天我們在這裡所說的話,全世界都不會太注意,也不會長久地記住,但那些勇士們在這裡的所作所為,全世界都會永遠記得。換言之,我們這些依然活著的人